Nature Climate Change, Published online: 27 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41558-023-01867-2

The authors incorporate terrestrial biosphere models with ecological optimality theory, remote sensing and global carbon budget estimates to constrain the historical effects of CO2 on photosynthesis. They show that CO2 fertilization likely increased global photosynthesis by 13.5% between 1981 and 2020.
Nature Climate Change